Statistical flags indicate unusual patterns — not proof of fraud or wrongdoing. Read our methodology

COVID-19 InvestigationFebruary 16, 2026·4 min read

Who Made the Most Money During COVID?

We compared every provider's pre-pandemic billing (2019) to their post-pandemic peak (2021). Some increases are legitimate. Others raise serious questions.

Public Partnerships LLC

Latham, NY

Before

$807.9M

After

$1.07B

+33%+$263.3M
City of Chicago

Chicago, IL

Before

$23.0M

After

$239.9M

+942%+$216.8M
Freedom Care LLC

New Hyde Park, NY

Before

$169.2M

After

$379.7M

+125%+$210.5M

The COVID-19 pandemic didn't just change healthcare — it reshaped how money flows through Medicaid. Some providers saw their billing explode by hundreds or thousands of percent. While some growth is expected (telehealth expansion, testing, vaccines), the scale of certain increases demands scrutiny.

The City of Chicago: $23M to $240M

The City of Chicago's Medicaid billing jumped 942% during the pandemic — from $23 million to $240 million. That's a $217 million increase. What was the city billing for? Our data shows this NPI is associated with ambulance services, where Chicago charges $1,611 per transport vs a national median of $163.

Freedom Care LLC in New York, a consumer-directed personal care agency, grew from $169M to $380M (+125%). Consumer Direct Care Network similarly jumped from $150M to $323M. These are home care providers that expanded dramatically as demand for in-home services surged during lockdowns.

Context matters

Not all pandemic billing jumps indicate fraud. Telehealth expanded massively, COVID testing and vaccination required new infrastructure, and home health demand surged as people avoided facilities. But some increases — particularly those concentrated in a single billing code or with unusual per-claim costs — merit investigation.

Top 100 Pandemic Billing Jumps

#ProviderState2019 Billing2021 BillingGrowth$ Increase
1Public Partnerships LLCNY$807.9M$1.07B+33%$263.3M
2City of ChicagoIL$23.0M$239.9M+942%$216.8M
3Freedom Care LLCNY$169.2M$379.7M+125%$210.5M
4Consumer Direct Care Network VirginiaMT$150.4M$323.0M+115%$172.6M
5County of Santa ClaraCA$185.5M$343.2M+85%$157.7M
6Guardiantrac. LLCMI$218.4M$371.6M+70%$153.3M
7Tennessee Department of Children's ServicesTN$18.5M$159.1M+761%$140.7M
8Girling Health Care Inc.TX$52.7M$174.1M+230%$121.4M
9City Medical of Upper East Side PLLCNY$45.4M$166.1M+266%$120.8M
10Aoc TX LLCTX$1.6M$121.1M+7321%$119.4M
11Laboratory Corporation of America HoldingsNC$170.9M$282.1M+65%$111.2M
12Acumen Fiscal Agent LLCAZ$64.0M$166.5M+160%$102.4M
13New Partners INCNY$85.7M$176.9M+106%$91.1M
14Marks Homecare Agency INCNY$35.1M$126.1M+260%$91.0M
15Tempus Unlimited, Inc.MA$450.9M$534.0M+18%$83.1M
16Advance Hi-tech Nursing Inc.TX$2.4M$84.2M+3404%$81.8M
17Ambercare Home Health Care CorporationNM$18.9M$96.7M+412%$77.8M
18Legacy Community Health Services, INCTX$4.3M$81.0M+1779%$76.7M
19Montefiore Medical CenterNY$74.5M$150.9M+103%$76.4M
20Children's Health System of TexasTX$2.1M$74.9M+3400%$72.7M
21Consumer Directed Services in Texas Inc.TX$42.9M$115.1M+168%$72.2M
22Purfoods LLCIA$79.5M$151.2M+90%$71.7M
23County of San BernardinoCA$107.2M$177.7M+66%$70.4M
24Childrens Hospital of PhiladelphiaPA$13.3M$83.3M+527%$70.0M
25Access2care LLCMO$16.9M$86.3M+409%$69.3M
26Assistcarehome Healthcare ServicesNY$141.3M$210.1M+49%$68.7M
27Laboratory Corporation of America HoldingsNJ$72.0M$139.7M+94%$67.7M
28Texas Department of State HealthTX$10.1M$77.1M+665%$67.0M
29Youth Villages Inc.TN$24.4M$91.2M+273%$66.7M
30Arion Care Solutions LLCAZ$27.1M$91.6M+237%$64.5M
31Platinum Home Health Care Inc.NY$75.7M$138.4M+83%$62.8M
32Excel Copmanion Care INCPA$2.1M$64.1M+2928%$61.9M
33Quest Diagnostics Clinical Laboratories INCTX$12.0M$73.3M+513%$61.3M
34American Business Institute CorpNY$193.1M$252.5M+31%$59.5M
35C and T Homecare Services LLCNY$46.2M$105.3M+128%$59.1M
36Quest Diagnostics IncorporatedNJ$66.0M$124.7M+89%$58.6M
37Sun River Health Inc.NY$77.1M$134.6M+75%$57.5M
38Mid Atlantic Pemanente Medical GroupMD$8.1M$64.6M+693%$56.4M
39Coordinated Behavioral Care INCNY$19.7M$73.8M+275%$54.1M
40Natera Inc.CA$32.6M$85.7M+163%$53.1M
41Laboratory Corporation of America HoldingsOH$66.2M$119.2M+80%$52.9M
42The New York and Presbyterian HospitalNY$32.6M$85.1M+161%$52.5M
43Texas Home Health of America L.p.TX$2.7M$54.8M+1955%$52.1M
44Long Island Jewish Medical CenterNY$21.5M$73.6M+242%$52.1M
45Brightview LLCOH$31.2M$83.2M+167%$52.0M
46Palco, Inc.AR$3.7M$54.6M+1377%$50.9M
47New York Network Ipa INCNY$25.7M$76.6M+198%$50.9M
48Hamaspik of Kings County Inc.NY$147K$48.7M+32994%$48.6M
49Friends and Family Home Care ServicesNY$44.0M$90.4M+105%$46.4M
50Chhuny LLCNY$16.7M$62.9M+276%$46.2M
51Laboratory Corporation of America HoldingsNC$19.9M$65.7M+230%$45.8M
52The Arc of Oakland County INCMI$369K$45.0M+12091%$44.6M
53Department of Developmental ServicesMA$205.6M$249.5M+21%$43.9M
54University of RochesterNY$23.4M$67.0M+187%$43.6M
55Home Family Care INCNY$83.6M$127.2M+52%$43.6M
56Five Star Home Health Care AgencyNY$67.0M$110.2M+65%$43.2M
57New York Psychotherapy and Counseling CenterNY$14.5M$57.3M+295%$42.8M
58The Collaborative for Children and FamiliesNY$9.1M$51.7M+469%$42.6M
59Laboratory Corporation of AmericaAZ$20.1M$62.7M+212%$42.6M
60Unilab CorporationCA$79.3M$121.9M+54%$42.6M
61Amazing Home Care Services, LLCNY$5.8M$48.3M+731%$42.5M
62Mount Sinai HospitalNY$17.0M$58.9M+247%$41.9M
63County of San DiegoCA$58.1M$99.0M+70%$40.9M
64Temple University Hospital INCPA$598K$40.8M+6719%$40.2M
65Public Partnerships LLCGA$59.8M$99.0M+66%$39.2M
66Medco Respiratory Instruments, Inc.TX$3.9M$42.2M+993%$38.3M
67Physicians Group Laboratories, LLCLA$13.2M$51.5M+289%$38.2M
68Upmc Children's Hospital of PittsburghPA$1.5M$39.6M+2519%$38.1M
69Los Angeles County Department of Public HealthCA$145.0M$182.9M+26%$37.9M
70Trustees of the University of PennsylvaniaPA$151K$38.1M+25104%$37.9M
71Commonwealth of Massachusetts-ddsMA$132.1M$169.8M+29%$37.8M
72S & a Unified Home Care Inc.NY$98.6M$136.3M+38%$37.7M
73In-home Attendant Services Ltd.TX$12.5M$50.2M+301%$37.7M
74Heart to Heart Home Care Inc.NY$114.9M$152.5M+33%$37.6M
75Dallas County Hospital DistrictTX$611K$38.0M+6121%$37.4M
76Golden Touch Home Health LLCNY$21.8M$58.7M+170%$36.9M
77Texas Children's Physician GroupTX$164K$37.0M+22523%$36.9M
78All American Homecare Agency Inc.NY$83.4M$120.0M+44%$36.6M
79Bioreference Health LLCNJ$80.2M$116.7M+46%$36.5M
80Premier Home Health Care Services INCNY$202.3M$238.2M+18%$35.9M
81The Milton S Hershey Medical CenterPA$474K$36.2M+7535%$35.7M
82North Shore-lij Medical PCNY$33.5M$68.9M+106%$35.5M
83Upmc Presbyterian ShadysidePA$130K$35.5M+27246%$35.4M
84A & J Staffing INCNY$71.2M$106.5M+50%$35.4M
85Stavros Center for Independent Living Inc.MA$247.9M$283.0M+14%$35.0M
86Community Care Management Partners LLC (ccmp)NY$14.6M$49.4M+238%$34.8M
87New York City Health and Hospitals CorporationNY$12.0M$46.4M+287%$34.4M
88Sonora Quest Laboratories LLCAZ$34.9M$69.3M+99%$34.4M
89Aeroflow INCNC$30.7M$65.0M+112%$34.4M
90New York City Health and Hospitals CorporationNY$7.4M$41.6M+461%$34.2M
91Americare Inc.NY$74.2M$108.2M+46%$34.0M
92Compass Health Inc.MO$137.5M$171.3M+25%$33.8M
93We Care Daily Clinics LLCWA$1.9M$35.5M+1813%$33.7M
94Consumer Direct District of ColumbiaMT$57.9M$90.9M+57%$33.0M
95Nae Edison LLCNY$108.1M$141.0M+30%$32.9M
96Bhpn LLCCA$19.7M$52.5M+167%$32.9M
97Easter Seals Delaware & Marylands Eastern Shore INCDE$21.5M$54.2M+152%$32.7M
98Beth Israel Medical CenterNY$21.4M$53.7M+151%$32.3M
99Laboratory Corporation of America HoldingsNC$27.0M$59.1M+119%$32.1M
100Alamo Consumer Direct, LLCTX$2.6M$34.6M+1244%$32.0M

Key Takeaways

  • The City of Chicago's Medicaid billing jumped 942% ($23M → $240M), linked to ambulance services charging 10x the national median.
  • Home care agencies (Freedom Care, Consumer Direct) saw 100%+ growth as in-home care demand surged during lockdowns.
  • Some growth is legitimate (telehealth, testing, vaccines), but extreme single-code concentration or unusual per-claim costs warrant investigation.